Les Deux Alpes Weather Forecast & Snow Report


Les Deux Alpes Weather Forecast & Snow Report

The weather conditions within the famend French ski resort, Les Deux Alpes, are a major issue for guests. Characterised by excessive altitude, the realm experiences distinct seasons, with chilly, snowy winters splendid for winter sports activities and milder summers appropriate for mountaineering and different alpine actions. A typical winter day may see temperatures effectively under freezing, considerable snowfall, and clear skies, whereas summer time days are usually sunny with average temperatures. Variations can happen relying on the precise time of 12 months and altitude.

Understanding the prevailing meteorological patterns is essential for planning any journey to this area. This data allows guests to pack appropriately, select appropriate actions, and put together for potential weather-related challenges. Traditionally, the dependable snowfall and constant sunshine have contributed to the event of Les Deux Alpes as a distinguished winter sports activities vacation spot. The precise local weather contributes considerably to the realm’s ecology, supporting distinctive wildlife tailored to high-altitude circumstances.

This exploration of the area’s local weather will additional delve into particular seasonal differences, common temperatures and snowfall, and the implications for varied actions, together with snowboarding, snowboarding, mountaineering, and mountain biking. Moreover, sources for accessing up-to-date forecasts and historic climate knowledge will likely be offered.

1. Excessive Altitude

The excessive altitude of Les Deux Alpes considerably influences its climate patterns. Situated between 1,650 and three,600 meters above sea degree, the resort experiences distinctive weather conditions in comparison with lower-lying areas. Understanding the affect of altitude is crucial for anticipating and getting ready for the climate on this area.

  • Temperature Variations

    Air temperature decreases with rising altitude. This lapse charge sometimes averages round 6.5C per 1,000 meters. Consequently, Les Deux Alpes experiences significantly decrease temperatures than surrounding valleys, even throughout summer time months. This temperature gradient contributes to the formation and persistence of snowpack at greater elevations, even when temperatures on the base of the resort are above freezing.

  • Precipitation Patterns

    Larger elevations usually obtain extra precipitation, predominantly within the type of snow throughout winter. The orographic impact, the place rising air cools and condenses because it encounters mountains, contributes to elevated snowfall in Les Deux Alpes. This constant snowfall is essential for sustaining the ski space all through the season. Nonetheless, it additionally means guests needs to be ready for potential delays or closures as a consequence of heavy snowfall or blizzards.

  • Photo voltaic Radiation

    At greater altitudes, the ambiance is thinner, resulting in elevated publicity to photo voltaic radiation. Whereas this could contribute to nice sunny days, it additionally will increase the danger of sunburn. Guests ought to take precautions equivalent to sporting sunscreen and protecting eyewear, even on cloudy days.

  • Atmospheric Stress

    Atmospheric strain decreases with altitude. This diminished air strain can result in altitude illness in some people, notably these not accustomed to high-altitude environments. Signs can embrace complications, nausea, and shortness of breath. Acclimatizing step by step and staying hydrated might help mitigate these results.

These interconnected components, pushed by the excessive altitude of Les Deux Alpes, create a dynamic and typically difficult climate surroundings. Recognizing these influences permits guests to raised perceive the prevailing circumstances and make knowledgeable selections concerning clothes, actions, and security precautions.

2. Alpine Local weather

The alpine local weather performs a defining function in shaping the climate skilled in Les Deux Alpes. Characterised by lengthy, chilly winters and quick, cool summers, this local weather outcomes from the area’s excessive elevation and mountainous terrain. The interaction of altitude, temperature, precipitation, and photo voltaic radiation creates a novel surroundings considerably influencing the resort’s actions and general customer expertise. The consequences of this local weather are readily observable. For example, the prolonged winter season, with its considerable snowfall, creates splendid circumstances for snowboarding and snowboarding, whereas the cooler summer time temperatures supply a respite from the warmth of lower-lying areas, making it engaging for mountaineering and different out of doors pursuits. Understanding the nuances of the alpine local weather is essential for comprehending the climate patterns in Les Deux Alpes.

A number of key options characterize the alpine local weather in Les Deux Alpes. Temperatures fluctuate dramatically between seasons, with winter lows regularly dropping effectively under freezing and summer time highs not often exceeding 25C. Precipitation, predominantly within the type of snow throughout winter, is influenced by the orographic impact, which boosts snowfall on windward slopes. The depth of photo voltaic radiation, amplified by the thinner ambiance at excessive altitude, necessitates solar safety even throughout cooler durations. These climatic traits work together to create distinct microclimates throughout the area, additional influencing native climate patterns. For instance, valleys could expertise temperature inversions, trapping chilly air and resulting in colder circumstances than greater slopes uncovered to daylight. Recognizing these localized variations is crucial for correct climate prediction and acceptable exercise planning.

A sensible understanding of the alpine local weather is important for guests to Les Deux Alpes. It allows acceptable clothes selections, facilitating comfy engagement in varied out of doors actions. Moreover, consciousness of potential climate hazards, equivalent to sudden temperature drops, heavy snowfall, or intense daylight, permits for proactive security measures. This data contributes to knowledgeable decision-making concerning exercise selections, making certain a protected and pleasant expertise. In the end, recognizing the affect of the alpine local weather gives a basis for navigating the climate circumstances in Les Deux Alpes, maximizing customer enjoyment and security.

3. Snowy Winters

Snowy winters are integral to the climate profile of Les Deux Alpes, shaping its identification as a premier winter sports activities vacation spot. The area’s excessive altitude and placement throughout the French Alps contribute to important snowfall, making a dependable and constant snowpack essential for snowboarding, snowboarding, and different winter actions. Understanding the traits and implications of those snowy winters is crucial for planning a go to and maximizing the expertise.

  • Snowfall Amount and Period

    Les Deux Alpes receives substantial snowfall all through the winter season, sometimes beginning in November and lasting till late April and even Could. The excessive altitude ensures constant low temperatures, facilitating snow accumulation and preservation. The abundance of snow creates glorious circumstances for winter sports activities, with deep powder and well-maintained slopes.

  • Snow High quality and Consistency

    The snow high quality in Les Deux Alpes is mostly excessive, starting from gentle and fluffy powder to packed powder and groomed runs. The chilly temperatures keep the snow’s high quality, stopping fast melting and preserving optimum circumstances for snowboarding and snowboarding. This constant snow high quality is a key issue attracting winter sports activities fans to the area.

  • Impression on Winter Actions

    The snowy winters in Les Deux Alpes are basic to the area’s winter sports activities choices. The deep snowpack allows in depth snowboarding and snowboarding terrain, accommodating various talent ranges. Past snowboarding, different winter actions like snowshoeing, cross-country snowboarding, and mountaineering are additionally facilitated by the considerable snowfall, diversifying the leisure alternatives out there to guests.

  • Snow Administration and Upkeep

    The resort invests important sources in snow administration and upkeep to make sure optimum circumstances all through the season. This consists of grooming slopes, working snow cannons for snowmaking when vital, and implementing avalanche management measures to mitigate security dangers related to heavy snowfall. Efficient snow administration contributes considerably to the standard and security of the winter sports activities expertise in Les Deux Alpes.

The traits of snowy winters in Les Deux Alpes, from the amount and high quality of snowfall to their affect on winter actions and the resort’s snow administration practices, are basic to the area’s local weather and customer expertise. This understanding permits for knowledgeable decision-making concerning journey planning and exercise choice, maximizing the enjoyment of the winter season in Les Deux Alpes.

4. Sunny Summers

Sunny summers represent a major side of the climate patterns in Les Deux Alpes, providing a definite distinction to the snowy winters. Whereas primarily famend as a winter sports activities vacation spot, the area experiences a marked shift in local weather through the summer time months, remodeling into an interesting locale for a variety of warm-weather actions. This seasonal transition is pushed by the interaction of altitude, latitude, and prevailing meteorological methods, leading to prolonged durations of sunshine and average temperatures.

The abundance of sunshine throughout summer time in Les Deux Alpes is a results of a number of components. The area’s location throughout the French Alps gives usually secure climate patterns through the summer time months, minimizing cloud cowl and maximizing photo voltaic radiation. The upper altitude contributes to cooler temperatures in comparison with lower-lying areas, mitigating extreme warmth and sustaining comfy circumstances for out of doors actions. This mixture of sunshine and average temperatures creates a really perfect surroundings for mountaineering, mountain biking, path working, and glacier snowboarding, attracting a various vary of holiday makers looking for summer time alpine experiences. For example, the clear skies supply unobstructed views of the encompassing peaks, enhancing the scenic great thing about mountaineering trails. Equally, the agency snow circumstances on the glacier present a novel summer time snowboarding expertise.

Understanding the prevalence of sunny summers in Les Deux Alpes is crucial for planning summer time actions and appreciating the area’s numerous choices. Whereas the winter season stays the first draw, the summer time months present a useful various for these looking for a distinct alpine expertise. The mix of sunshine, average temperatures, and a variety of out of doors actions positions Les Deux Alpes as a year-round vacation spot, catering to a broader spectrum of pursuits and preferences. Sensible issues, equivalent to acceptable clothes for variable mountain climate and solar safety measures, stay essential even through the summer time months as a result of altitude and potential for fast climate adjustments. This consciousness ensures a protected and pleasant expertise, permitting guests to totally admire the sunny summers in Les Deux Alpes.

5. Variable Circumstances

Variable circumstances are inherent to the climate patterns of Les Deux Alpes, posing each challenges and alternatives for guests. The area’s excessive altitude and mountainous terrain contribute to fast and unpredictable climate fluctuations, necessitating cautious planning and adaptation. Understanding the character and implications of this variability is essential for navigating the dynamic surroundings and making certain a protected and rewarding expertise. Speedy adjustments in temperature, precipitation, wind velocity, and visibility can happen inside quick timeframes. For example, a sunny morning can shortly transition to a snowy afternoon, impacting visibility and requiring changes to deliberate actions. These fluctuations are pushed by the complicated interaction of atmospheric components, together with altitude, prevailing winds, and proximity to main climate methods. The steep temperature gradients related to excessive altitude contribute to the formation of localized climate phenomena, additional amplifying variability.

The sensible significance of variable circumstances underscores the necessity for preparedness and suppleness when visiting Les Deux Alpes. Carrying acceptable clothes layers permits people to adapt to altering temperatures all through the day. Consulting commonly up to date climate forecasts, together with mountain-specific forecasts, gives essential insights into potential climate shifts, enabling proactive changes to itineraries. Consciousness of potential hazards, equivalent to sudden storms, robust winds, or quickly altering visibility, empowers knowledgeable decision-making concerning exercise selections and security precautions. For instance, mountaineers planning a high-altitude trek needs to be ready for sudden adjustments in climate and carry acceptable security gear. Equally, skiers and snowboarders ought to monitor climate forecasts carefully for potential blizzard circumstances or avalanche dangers. This proactive method minimizes potential disruptions and enhances general security.

Navigating the variable circumstances of Les Deux Alpes requires a proactive and knowledgeable method. Recognizing the inherent variability in climate patterns and its potential affect on actions is paramount. Combining climate consciousness with acceptable preparation, together with layered clothes, common session of forecasts, and a versatile itinerary, permits guests to successfully reply to altering circumstances and maximize their expertise on this dynamic alpine surroundings. In the end, understanding and adapting to variable circumstances turns into an integral a part of the Les Deux Alpes expertise, enhancing each security and pleasure.

6. Microclimates Exist

The climate in Les Deux Alpes is considerably influenced by the presence of microclimates. These localized variations in weather conditions come up as a result of complicated interaction of altitude, topography, and prevailing winds. Understanding the dynamics of those microclimates is crucial for precisely deciphering climate forecasts and making knowledgeable selections concerning actions and security precautions throughout the resort space. Ignoring the affect of microclimates can result in misinterpretations of normal climate forecasts, doubtlessly leading to insufficient preparation for precise circumstances encountered on the slopes or trails.

  • Altitude-Based mostly Temperature Variations

    Temperature decreases with altitude, creating distinct temperature zones throughout the resort. Larger elevations expertise colder temperatures and retain snow longer than decrease areas. This altitudinal variation necessitates completely different clothes selections relying on the deliberate exercise and its location. For instance, a skier venturing to greater slopes ought to anticipate considerably colder temperatures than these skilled on the base of the resort.

  • Slope Side and Photo voltaic Radiation

    The route a slope faces (its side) influences the quantity of photo voltaic radiation it receives. South-facing slopes obtain extra direct daylight, resulting in hotter temperatures and quicker snowmelt in comparison with north-facing slopes, which stay shaded and retain snow longer. This distinction in photo voltaic publicity creates distinct microclimates, influencing snow circumstances and vegetation patterns. Skiers looking for optimum snow circumstances may prioritize north-facing slopes, whereas hikers could desire the hotter, sunnier south-facing trails.

  • Wind Results and Channeling

    The mountainous terrain of Les Deux Alpes influences wind patterns, creating areas of accelerated wind speeds and sheltered zones. Valleys can channel winds, rising their depth, whereas ridges and peaks expertise greater wind publicity. These localized wind patterns affect perceived temperature and may create wind chill results, requiring acceptable windproof clothes. Robust winds also can affect carry operations and create hazardous circumstances for sure actions, equivalent to paragliding.

  • Valley Inversions and Chilly Air Pooling

    Throughout calm, clear nights, chilly air can descend and accumulate in valleys, creating temperature inversions the place valley bottoms are colder than greater slopes. This phenomenon can result in localized frost and fog, impacting visibility and street circumstances. Consciousness of those inversions is especially necessary for drivers and people planning early morning actions in lower-lying areas.

The interaction of those microclimatic components contributes to the dynamic and infrequently unpredictable climate patterns skilled in Les Deux Alpes. Recognizing the existence and affect of those localized variations enhances the accuracy of climate interpretation and promotes knowledgeable decision-making concerning clothes, gear, and exercise selections. This understanding is prime to a protected and pleasant expertise within the numerous environments of Les Deux Alpes, highlighting the essential hyperlink between microclimates and the general climate expertise.

7. Frequent Forecasts Very important

The dynamic and infrequently unpredictable nature of climate patterns in Les Deux Alpes necessitates frequent session of meteorological forecasts. This observe will not be merely a suggestion however an important part of protected and efficient planning for any exercise, from snowboarding and snowboarding to mountaineering and mountaineering. The high-altitude surroundings, coupled with the complicated interaction of atmospheric components, contributes to fast and important climate fluctuations. These fluctuations can embrace sudden temperature drops, fast snowfall accumulation, robust wind gusts, and drastically diminished visibility. Counting on outdated or rare forecasts can result in insufficient preparation, jeopardizing security and doubtlessly disrupting deliberate actions. For instance, a mountaineering group setting out primarily based on a morning forecast may encounter sudden blizzard circumstances within the afternoon, requiring quick changes to their route and even an emergency descent.

Frequent entry to up to date forecasts permits guests to adapt to evolving climate circumstances. Fashionable forecasting applied sciences, mixed with localized climate stations and knowledgeable evaluation, present more and more exact and well timed info concerning anticipated climate adjustments. Using these sources allows knowledgeable decision-making concerning clothes selections, exercise choice, and route planning. For example, skiers can assess the probability of recent powder or icy circumstances primarily based on current snowfall and temperature forecasts, permitting them to pick acceptable gear and terrain. Equally, hikers can regulate their deliberate routes to keep away from areas vulnerable to robust winds or sudden temperature drops, mitigating potential dangers related to publicity. Checking forecasts a number of occasions all through the day, particularly earlier than embarking on any out of doors exercise, gives essentially the most correct and related info for knowledgeable decision-making.

The sensible significance of frequent forecast session in Les Deux Alpes can’t be overstated. It instantly contributes to enhanced security by enabling proactive adaptation to altering circumstances and minimizing publicity to potential hazards. Furthermore, it facilitates more practical planning, permitting guests to optimize their actions primarily based on essentially the most up-to-date climate info. By integrating frequent forecast checks into their planning course of, guests to Les Deux Alpes can mitigate dangers, maximize enjoyment, and navigate the dynamic alpine surroundings with confidence and preparedness.

8. Impacts Exercise Selections

Climate circumstances in Les Deux Alpes instantly affect the feasibility and pleasure of assorted actions. The area’s dynamic local weather, characterised by important seasonal and day by day variations, necessitates cautious consideration of climate forecasts and potential hazards when deciding on and planning actions. Understanding this connection between climate and exercise selections is essential for maximizing security and making certain a satisfying expertise within the alpine surroundings.

  • Winter Sports activities

    Snowfall, temperature, and visibility are essential components influencing winter sports activities actions like snowboarding and snowboarding. Ample snowfall creates splendid powder circumstances, whereas icy circumstances ensuing from freezing temperatures require larger technical talent and warning. Poor visibility as a consequence of fog or heavy snowfall can considerably affect security and necessitate changes to deliberate routes and even postponement of actions. Monitoring avalanche forecasts can also be essential during times of heavy snowfall.

  • Summer season Climbing and Mountaineering

    Summer season climate circumstances, together with temperature, rainfall, and thunderstorm potential, considerably affect mountaineering and mountaineering actions. Excessive temperatures can result in warmth exhaustion, notably at greater altitudes the place photo voltaic radiation is intense. Rainfall could make trails slippery and improve the danger of rockfalls. Thunderstorms, widespread in mountainous areas throughout summer time afternoons, pose important lightning hazards and necessitate looking for acceptable shelter. Checking mountain-specific climate forecasts earlier than embarking on hikes or climbs is essential for security.

  • Glacier Actions

    Glacier snowboarding and mountaineering are influenced by particular climate circumstances, together with temperature, snowmelt, and glacial stability. Hotter temperatures improve the danger of crevasse falls and glacial soften, impacting route security and feasibility. Snowmelt can create hazardous circumstances on glacier surfaces, requiring specialised gear and experience. Consulting with native guides and monitoring glacier circumstances stories is crucial for protected glacier journey and actions.

  • Different Outside Actions

    Actions equivalent to paragliding, mountain biking, and path working are additionally prone to climate influences. Robust winds can create hazardous circumstances for paragliding, whereas moist trails could make mountain biking and path working treacherous. Temperature and humidity additionally affect exertion ranges and hydration necessities. Checking wind forecasts and path circumstances stories is essential earlier than enterprise these actions.

The varied vary of actions supplied in Les Deux Alpes are inherently linked to prevailing climate circumstances. Recognizing this interdependency and incorporating climate consciousness into planning processes enhances security and optimizes the general expertise. Consulting detailed and regularly up to date forecasts, together with looking for knowledgeable recommendation when vital, empowers knowledgeable decision-making and facilitates a extra fulfilling and safe engagement with the alpine surroundings. Adaptability to altering circumstances and prioritizing security stay paramount for a optimistic expertise in Les Deux Alpes.

Continuously Requested Questions

This FAQ part addresses widespread inquiries concerning climate patterns and their implications for guests to Les Deux Alpes. Understanding these features contributes to knowledgeable decision-making and enhances each security and pleasure.

Query 1: How does altitude have an effect on climate circumstances in Les Deux Alpes?

Altitude considerably influences temperature, precipitation, and photo voltaic radiation. Temperatures lower with rising altitude, resulting in colder circumstances and extended snow cowl at greater elevations. Precipitation usually will increase with altitude, leading to substantial snowfall throughout winter. Larger altitudes additionally expertise elevated photo voltaic radiation as a consequence of a thinner ambiance.

Query 2: What characterizes the distinct seasons in Les Deux Alpes?

Les Deux Alpes experiences pronounced seasonal differences. Winters are lengthy, chilly, and snowy, splendid for winter sports activities. Summers are quick, cool, and usually sunny, offering favorable circumstances for mountaineering, mountaineering, and different out of doors actions. Spring and autumn are transitional durations, with variable climate circumstances.

Query 3: How dependable is the snow cowl for winter sports activities?

Snow cowl in Les Deux Alpes is mostly dependable all through the winter season as a result of excessive altitude and constant snowfall. The resort additionally employs snowmaking capabilities to complement pure snowfall when vital, making certain constant circumstances for snowboarding and snowboarding.

Query 4: What are the everyday summer time temperatures?

Summer season temperatures in Les Deux Alpes are usually average, not often exceeding 25C. The upper altitude gives cooler temperatures in comparison with surrounding valleys, creating comfy circumstances for summer time actions. Nonetheless, temperatures can nonetheless differ considerably all through the day and relying on location throughout the resort.

Query 5: How can one greatest put together for variable climate circumstances?

Packing layered clothes is essential for adapting to fluctuating temperatures. Consulting regularly up to date climate forecasts, together with mountain-specific forecasts, allows proactive changes to plans primarily based on evolving circumstances. Carrying important security gear, equivalent to rain gear and acceptable footwear, can also be beneficial.

Query 6: The place can dependable climate info be discovered earlier than and through a go to?

Dependable climate info could be obtained from respected meteorological providers specializing in mountain forecasts, the official Les Deux Alpes web site, and native info facilities throughout the resort. Checking forecasts regularly, particularly earlier than enterprise out of doors actions, is crucial.

By contemplating these regularly requested questions and remaining attentive to climate forecasts, guests can higher perceive the dynamic climate patterns of Les Deux Alpes and make knowledgeable selections that improve security and optimize enjoyment.

Additional sources and detailed local weather knowledge could be discovered within the following sections.

Important Suggestions for Navigating Les Deux Alpes Climate

Planning a visit to Les Deux Alpes requires cautious consideration of the area’s distinctive climate patterns. The following tips supply sensible steerage for navigating the variable circumstances and making certain a protected and pleasant expertise.

Tip 1: Pack Adaptable Layers: Mountain climate can change quickly. Layering clothes permits adaptation to fluctuating temperatures. Pack light-weight base layers, insulating mid-layers, and a water-resistant, windproof outer shell.

Tip 2: Seek the advice of Forecasts Continuously: Climate in Les Deux Alpes is dynamic. Verify detailed mountain forecasts commonly, ideally a number of occasions per day, particularly earlier than enterprise out of doors actions. Make the most of respected meteorological providers specializing in alpine climate.

Tip 3: Account for Microclimates: Localized variations in climate circumstances happen as a consequence of altitude, slope side, and wind patterns. Be ready for temperature variations between valley bottoms and better slopes, sunny south-facing slopes versus shaded north-facing slopes, and elevated wind speeds on ridges and uncovered areas.

Tip 4: Shield In opposition to Solar and Wind: Excessive altitude intensifies photo voltaic radiation and wind publicity. Pack sunscreen, sun shades, and lip balm with excessive SPF. A windproof jacket and gloves are important for minimizing wind chill results.

Tip 5: Put together for Precipitation: Precipitation, notably snow in winter and rain in summer time, can happen regularly. Waterproof and breathable outerwear, together with jackets, pants, and footwear, is crucial for sustaining consolation and stopping hypothermia.

Tip 6: Perceive Altitude Results: Altitude illness can have an effect on some people. Acclimatize step by step to greater elevations, keep hydrated, and keep away from strenuous exercise upon arrival. Concentrate on the signs of altitude illness and search medical recommendation if vital.

Tip 7: Verify Tools Suitability: Guarantee gear, equivalent to mountaineering boots, skis, or climbing gear, is acceptable for the meant actions and prevailing climate circumstances. Seek the advice of with native specialists or rental retailers for steerage if wanted.

Tip 8: Prioritize Security First: Mountain environments current inherent dangers. Concentrate on potential hazards, equivalent to sudden storms, altering visibility, and avalanche dangers throughout winter. Carry vital security gear, together with a first-aid equipment, communication machine, and map, and inform somebody of your deliberate route and estimated return time.

By adhering to those pointers, guests can mitigate dangers related to variable climate circumstances and absolutely admire the dynamic alpine surroundings of Les Deux Alpes. Preparedness and knowledgeable decision-making are key to a protected and pleasant expertise.

The next conclusion summarizes the important thing takeaways concerning climate in Les Deux Alpes and its implications for guests.

Conclusion

Climate in Les Deux Alpes presents a dynamic and influential issue for any customer. The interaction of excessive altitude, alpine local weather, and localized microclimates generates important variability in circumstances, impacting exercise selections and necessitating meticulous planning. From the considerable snowfall characterizing winter to the sunny but average summers, understanding these patterns is paramount for a protected and fulfilling expertise. Frequent session of dependable climate forecasts, coupled with acceptable preparation and flexibility, allows knowledgeable decision-making concerning clothes, gear, and exercise choice. Consciousness of potential hazards, together with fast temperature fluctuations, robust winds, and avalanche dangers throughout winter, additional enhances security.

In the end, profitable navigation of Les Deux Alpes’ climate requires acknowledging its highly effective affect. Respect for the dynamic nature of the mountain surroundings, mixed with proactive planning and knowledgeable decision-making, empowers guests to mitigate potential challenges and embrace the various experiences this distinctive alpine vacation spot provides. This consciousness transforms climate from a possible impediment into an integral ingredient of the Les Deux Alpes expertise, enriching appreciation for the area’s pure magnificence and fostering a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness between local weather and human interplay with the mountain world.