Skate Canada 2025: Full Results & Analysis


Skate Canada 2025: Full Results & Analysis

The aggressive outcomes of nationwide determine skating championships held underneath the Skate Canada banner within the yr 2025 will decide nationwide champions throughout varied disciplines, together with males’s singles, ladies’s singles, pairs, and ice dance. These championships sometimes function a qualifying occasion for worldwide competitions just like the World Determine Skating Championships and the 4 Continents Determine Skating Championships. A hypothetical instance could be the standings of skaters within the senior ladies’s class, itemizing their placement based mostly on total rating and doubtlessly together with section scores (quick program and free skate).

Nationwide championship outcomes present a snapshot of the present state of determine skating inside Canada, figuring out rising stars and established opponents. These outcomes have vital implications for athlete funding, teaching choices, and program improvement. Traditionally, Canadian nationwide championships have been a platform for launching the careers of quite a few internationally acknowledged skaters, contributing to Canada’s wealthy legacy within the sport. The info generated from these competitions informs future coaching methods and helps establish areas for development inside the Canadian determine skating system.

Additional exploration of this matter might embrace analyses of particular person skater performances, comparisons with earlier years’ outcomes, discussions of judging and scoring developments, and predictions for future worldwide competitions. This info is effective for followers, coaches, athletes, and anybody within the improvement and development of Canadian determine skating.

1. Nationwide Championship Standings

Nationwide Championship standings characterize the core output of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships. These standings, decided by the cumulative scores from the quick program and free skate, will definitively rank opponents inside every self-discipline (males’s singles, ladies’s singles, pairs, and ice dance). The importance of those rankings extends past mere placement. They immediately affect athlete development and the general panorama of Canadian determine skating. For instance, a skater’s placement can affect their world standing, affecting their seeding in worldwide competitions just like the World Championships or Grand Prix occasions. Previously, skaters like Patrick Chan and Kaetlyn Osmond leveraged robust nationwide championship performances as springboards to worldwide success.

The affect of those standings is multifaceted. Excessive placement usually correlates with elevated funding alternatives from sporting our bodies, permitting athletes to entry higher coaching amenities, teaching, and sources. Championship standings additionally play a essential position in crew choice for worldwide competitions. Whereas not the only criterion, they supply essential knowledge factors for choice committees evaluating athlete readiness and aggressive potential. Moreover, they function a priceless benchmark for coaches to evaluate program effectiveness and make changes for future seasons. The outcomes would possibly reveal a necessity for enhanced technical coaching or inventive improvement, in the end shaping future coaching regimens.

In abstract, the Nationwide Championship standings rising from the 2025 Skate Canada Championships function a vital mechanism for athlete improvement, useful resource allocation, and worldwide illustration. They provide a snapshot of the present aggressive panorama inside Canada and function a predictor of future potential on the world stage. Analyzing these standings supplies priceless insights for stakeholders throughout the determine skating group, from particular person athletes and coaches to nationwide sporting our bodies and followers. Understanding the nuances of those rankings supplies a deeper appreciation for the intricacies of aggressive determine skating.

2. Qualifier for Worldwide Occasions

The 2025 Skate Canada Championships function a essential qualifying occasion for subsequent worldwide competitions. Efficiency at this nationwide stage immediately impacts athlete alternatives to characterize Canada on the world stage. Particularly, the outcomes usually decide which skaters are chosen for the World Determine Skating Championships, the 4 Continents Determine Skating Championships, and doubtlessly different worldwide occasions just like the Grand Prix sequence. The connection is a cause-and-effect relationship: excessive placements on the nationwide championships improve the probability of worldwide choice. This qualifying operate provides vital weight to the Skate Canada outcomes, reworking them from a solely nationwide competitors right into a stepping stone for world illustration. For instance, in previous years, skaters attaining podium finishes on the Canadian Championships have secured spots on the World Championship crew. This pathway highlights the significance of the nationwide competitors as a proving floor for worldwide competitiveness.

The significance of this qualifying position extends past particular person athlete aspirations. It influences the general notion and standing of Canadian determine skating on the world stage. Constant robust performances by Canadian skaters at worldwide occasions, stemming from a strong nationwide qualifying system, reinforce Canada’s fame as a powerhouse within the sport. Furthermore, worldwide competitors supplies invaluable expertise for athletes, fostering ability improvement and aggressive maturity. This publicity contributes to the long-term development and evolution of Canadian determine skating, making a cyclical impact the place success on the nationwide stage fuels worldwide success, which in flip conjures up the following technology of skaters. Take into account the case of Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford, whose constant success on the Canadian Championships paved their approach to a number of World Championship medals and Olympic recognition. Their journey exemplifies the direct hyperlink between nationwide success and worldwide alternative.

In abstract, the position of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships as a qualifier for worldwide occasions provides a vital layer of complexity and significance to the competitors. It elevates the stakes for particular person athletes, influencing choice choices and profession trajectories. Concurrently, it contributes to the general energy and fame of Canadian determine skating on the worldwide stage. Understanding this connection supplies a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of nationwide and worldwide competitors inside the determine skating world. The outcomes from this competitors is not going to solely crown nationwide champions but additionally form the way forward for Canadian illustration in worldwide determine skating.

3. Athlete Efficiency Analysis

Athlete efficiency analysis is intrinsically linked to the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes. These outcomes provide a quantifiable measure of efficiency, offering a basis for complete analysis. This course of extends past merely rating athletes; it serves as a vital software for figuring out strengths, diagnosing weaknesses, and informing future coaching methods. The analysis encompasses technical execution, inventive presentation, and aggressive composure, providing a holistic perspective on athlete improvement.

  • Technical Factor Scores (TES)

    TES characterize the muse of technical analysis. Judges meticulously assess every factor’s execution, factoring in components like rotation, peak, and touchdown high quality. A triple axel with a clear touchdown, as an example, will obtain the next TES than one with a flawed touchdown or under-rotation. The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will present detailed TES breakdowns for every skater, permitting for in-depth evaluation of technical proficiency. This knowledge informs future coaching choices, highlighting areas requiring enchancment and figuring out technical strengths to leverage.

  • Program Part Scores (PCS)

    PCS consider the inventive and interpretive features of a efficiency. Judges take into account skating abilities, transitions, efficiency high quality, composition, and interpretation of the music. A skater demonstrating distinctive musicality and charming choreography will obtain greater PCS. The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will embrace PCS breakdowns, providing insights into the inventive strengths and weaknesses of every skater. This info is essential for refining choreography, enhancing efficiency high quality, and growing a singular inventive voice.

  • Aggressive Composure

    Whereas in a roundabout way mirrored in a numerical rating, aggressive composure performs a major position in total efficiency analysis. The flexibility to handle strain, keep focus, and ship underneath difficult circumstances is a key differentiator. The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes, significantly in relation to placements underneath strain, will provide insights into an athlete’s aggressive temperament. Coaches can use this info to develop methods for managing stress and enhancing psychological fortitude in future competitions. A skater who constantly performs nicely underneath strain demonstrates a excessive diploma of aggressive composure.

  • Development and Trajectory

    Analysis considers not solely the efficiency on the 2025 Skate Canada Championships but additionally the athlete’s developmental trajectory. Coaches and analysts evaluate present efficiency with previous outcomes to evaluate progress and establish patterns of enchancment or stagnation. A skater demonstrating constant upward trajectory signifies efficient coaching and optimistic improvement. The 2025 outcomes can be analyzed within the context of earlier competitions, each nationwide and worldwide, to offer a extra complete image of athlete improvement. This longitudinal perspective informs long-term coaching plans and aim setting.

The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes function a essential knowledge level for complete athlete efficiency analysis. By analyzing TES, PCS, aggressive composure, and development trajectory, coaches and athletes acquire priceless insights into strengths and weaknesses. This info is crucial for refining coaching methods, optimizing program improvement, and maximizing aggressive potential on each nationwide and worldwide levels. The outcomes develop into a catalyst for steady enchancment, driving the evolution of particular person skaters and the Canadian determine skating panorama as a complete.

4. Program Improvement Insights

Program improvement insights are inextricably linked to the outcomes of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships. The outcomes provide essential knowledge that informs subsequent program changes and enhancements. This iterative technique of refinement hinges on an in depth evaluation of each technical and inventive features of skater performances. Trigger and impact relationships are clearly evident: a skater battling a particular leap factor would possibly result in a revised coaching give attention to that factor. Equally, suggestions on inventive presentation can affect choreographic decisions and musical interpretation in future packages. The significance of program improvement insights as a element of the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes can’t be overstated; they characterize a vital suggestions loop driving steady enchancment.

Take into account a hypothetical situation the place a skater constantly under-rotates triple axels on the 2025 Championships. This technical deficiency, revealed by way of the competitors outcomes, would doubtless immediate focused coaching interventions geared toward bettering leap approach and consistency. Conversely, optimistic suggestions on a skater’s musical interpretation would possibly encourage additional exploration of inventive expression and nuanced choreography in future packages. Actual-life examples abound in determine skating historical past. Patrick Chan’s evolution from a technically robust however artistically growing skater to a extra well-rounded competitor demonstrates the long-term affect of incorporating program improvement insights gleaned from competitors outcomes. Equally, Tessa Advantage and Scott Moir’s constant push for revolutionary and emotionally resonant packages displays a dedication to refining inventive expression based mostly on suggestions and previous performances.

The sensible significance of understanding this connection lies in its capability to optimize skater improvement and maximize aggressive potential. By leveraging the detailed info offered by the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes, coaches and athletes could make knowledgeable choices about program changes, technical coaching, and inventive refinement. This data-driven method fosters a steady cycle of enchancment, permitting skaters to handle weaknesses, capitalize on strengths, and in the end obtain peak efficiency. Challenges would possibly embrace balancing technical mastery with inventive improvement or adapting packages to evolving judging standards. Nevertheless, the insights derived from the 2025 Skate Canada Championships can be a useful software in navigating these challenges and shaping the way forward for Canadian determine skating. The competitors outcomes will act as a catalyst for program evolution, contributing to the long-term development and success of particular person skaters and the Canadian determine skating panorama as a complete.

5. Future Development Predictions

The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will function a vital knowledge level for predicting future developments in Canadian determine skating. These predictions, based mostly on noticed performances and aggressive outcomes, inform teaching methods, athlete improvement pathways, and the general path of the game. Analyzing the outcomes permits stakeholders to anticipate rising technical developments, stylistic shifts, and potential future successes on the worldwide stage. This predictive capability provides vital worth to the 2025 Championships, reworking them from a retrospective evaluation right into a potential software for shaping the way forward for Canadian determine skating.

  • Technical Evolution

    The 2025 outcomes will provide insights into the evolving technical panorama of determine skating. The prevalence and high quality of quadruple jumps, as an example, will point out the path of technical problem within the coming years. If a major variety of skaters efficiently land quadruple jumps, it suggests a pattern towards elevated technical complexity. Conversely, a give attention to refining triple axels and different triple jumps would possibly sign a prioritization of execution over uncooked problem. Historic knowledge from previous competitions can be utilized to contextualize these developments, offering a benchmark for evaluating the speed of technical progress inside Canadian determine skating. The rise of quadruple jumps in males’s determine skating over the previous decade exemplifies the sort of technical evolution.

  • Stylistic Shifts

    The 2025 Skate Canada Championships can even illuminate rising stylistic developments. Judges’ scores and viewers reception to totally different choreographic approaches and efficiency kinds will reveal shifting preferences inside the sport. A desire for revolutionary and unconventional choreography, for instance, would possibly point out a transfer away from extra conventional kinds. Analyzing program element scores (PCS) can present nuanced insights into these stylistic shifts. The rising reputation of latest music and choreography decisions lately displays this evolving inventive panorama. The performances on the 2025 occasion will provide a glimpse into the stylistic path Canadian skaters are pursuing.

  • Rising Expertise Identification

    Figuring out rising expertise is a key operate of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships. Sturdy performances by up-and-coming skaters provide a glimpse into the way forward for Canadian determine skating. These outcomes can predict future worldwide success and establish athletes with the potential to characterize Canada on the world stage. Evaluating the efficiency of junior-level skaters with senior-level opponents supplies priceless context for evaluating expertise pipelines and developmental trajectories. The emergence of skaters like Stephen Gogolev and Madeline Schizas lately highlights this technique of expertise identification and improvement. The 2025 outcomes can be scrutinized for comparable indicators of future potential.

  • Worldwide Competitiveness

    Projecting future worldwide competitiveness is a major consequence of analyzing the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes. By evaluating Canadian skaters’ performances with worldwide benchmarks and contemplating the evolving world panorama of determine skating, analysts can predict Canada’s future standing on the world stage. This forecasting permits for strategic planning and useful resource allocation to optimize Canada’s possibilities of success in worldwide competitions just like the World Championships and Olympic Video games. The constant presence of Canadian skaters on worldwide podiums through the years underscores the significance of this predictive evaluation. The 2025 competitors will present a vital knowledge set for evaluating Canada’s ongoing worldwide competitiveness.

In abstract, the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes can be a vital software for predicting future developments in technical evolution, stylistic preferences, rising expertise, and worldwide competitiveness. These predictions inform strategic decision-making inside Canadian determine skating, influencing coaching methodologies, program improvement, and useful resource allocation. By understanding these predictive insights, stakeholders can successfully form the way forward for the game and guarantee Canada’s continued success on the world stage. The competitors will function a essential juncture, providing a glimpse into the evolving panorama of Canadian determine skating and its potential for future development and achievement.

6. Funding and Teaching Influence

The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will considerably affect funding choices and training methods inside Canadian determine skating. Efficiency outcomes immediately affect the allocation of sources, shaping athlete improvement pathways and the general aggressive panorama. A cause-and-effect relationship exists: robust performances usually result in elevated funding, enabling entry to higher teaching, coaching amenities, and assist companies. This, in flip, fuels additional improvement and enhances the potential for future success. The significance of this connection lies in its capability to create a optimistic suggestions loop, the place success breeds additional funding and improvement, in the end strengthening the Canadian determine skating system. For instance, skaters attaining podium finishes on the 2025 Championships usually tend to obtain elevated funding from Skate Canada and different sporting our bodies. This funding might be instrumental in securing top-level teaching, protecting coaching bills, and accessing specialised assist companies like sports activities psychology and vitamin counseling.

Actual-life examples reveal this connection. Skater Elvis Stojko’s success within the Nineteen Nineties, together with a number of World Championship medals, undoubtedly contributed to elevated funding and assist for his coaching, enabling him to take care of his aggressive edge. Equally, the constant worldwide success of Tessa Advantage and Scott Moir doubtless attracted vital funding of their coaching and improvement, contributing to their lengthy and adorned profession. Conversely, skaters struggling to attain aggressive benchmarks could face challenges securing funding, impacting their entry to optimum coaching sources and doubtlessly hindering their improvement. This highlights the aggressive nature of funding allocation inside high-performance sport and underscores the significance of robust performances at occasions just like the 2025 Skate Canada Championships.

Understanding this connection between funding, teaching, and aggressive outcomes is essential for stakeholders throughout the determine skating group. Coaches can leverage these insights to advocate for his or her athletes, demonstrating the worth of funding of their improvement. Athletes acquire a clearer understanding of the components influencing useful resource allocation, motivating them to try for peak efficiency. Nationwide sporting our bodies can make the most of this info to optimize funding methods, guaranteeing sources are directed towards athletes with the best potential for fulfillment. Whereas challenges exist in balancing equitable useful resource distribution with the pursuit of high-performance outcomes, the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will play a pivotal position in shaping funding choices and training methods, in the end impacting the longer term trajectory of Canadian determine skating. The competitors’s outcomes will ripple by way of the system, influencing athlete improvement pathways, teaching assignments, and the general aggressive panorama for years to return. Understanding these interconnected dynamics supplies priceless context for deciphering the importance of the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes and their implications for the way forward for the game.

7. Canadian Skating Panorama

The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will provide a vital snapshot of the present Canadian skating panorama. These outcomes, reflecting the fruits of years of coaching and improvement, will illuminate the strengths and weaknesses of the Canadian system, spotlight rising expertise, and affect the longer term path of the game. Analyzing these outcomes supplies priceless insights into the general well being and competitiveness of Canadian determine skating, impacting all the things from athlete improvement pathways to useful resource allocation and training methods. This understanding is essential for stakeholders throughout the determine skating group, from particular person athletes and coaches to nationwide sporting our bodies and followers.

  • Expertise Distribution and Depth

    The 2025 outcomes will reveal the present distribution and depth of expertise inside Canadian determine skating. A powerful exhibiting throughout a number of disciplines suggests a strong and wholesome system, whereas a focus of expertise in particular areas would possibly point out the necessity for focused improvement initiatives. For example, a deep discipline of proficient junior skaters signifies a promising future for Canadian determine skating. Conversely, an absence of depth in a specific self-discipline would possibly sign a necessity for elevated grassroots improvement packages. The 2025 outcomes will present this essential evaluation of expertise distribution, informing future useful resource allocation and improvement methods. The emergence of skaters like Keegan Messing and Piper Gilles/Paul Poirier lately demonstrates the affect of expertise depth on total Canadian competitiveness.

  • Regional Strengths and Disparities

    The geographic distribution of aggressive success usually reveals regional strengths and disparities inside Canadian determine skating. The 2025 outcomes will spotlight areas producing a disproportionate share of high-performing athletes. This info can inform choices relating to useful resource allocation, teaching improvement packages, and the institution of regional coaching facilities. Traditionally, sure areas in Canada have constantly produced elite determine skaters, usually on account of components equivalent to entry to high-quality teaching and coaching amenities. Figuring out rising regional strengths in 2025 can information future funding and improvement initiatives. This regional evaluation provides one other layer of complexity to understanding the Canadian skating panorama.

  • Teaching Effectiveness and Program High quality

    The efficiency of athletes on the 2025 Skate Canada Championships displays, partially, the effectiveness of teaching and the standard of coaching packages throughout the nation. Constant success by athletes coaching underneath particular coaches or inside explicit packages suggests high-quality instruction and efficient improvement methods. These observations can inform greatest practices, teaching education schemes, and the event of standardized coaching protocols. The success of coaches like Brian Orser in growing world-class skaters speaks to the numerous affect of teaching experience on athlete efficiency. The 2025 outcomes will provide a priceless evaluation of teaching effectiveness and program high quality throughout Canada.

  • Systemic Strengths and Areas for Enchancment

    The 2025 Skate Canada outcomes present a complete evaluation of the systemic strengths and weaknesses inside Canadian determine skating. Analyzing developments in technical scores, inventive presentation, and total aggressive efficiency can reveal areas the place the Canadian system excels and areas requiring enchancment. This evaluation can inform coverage choices, useful resource allocation, and long-term improvement methods. For example, constantly excessive technical scores amongst Canadian skaters would possibly point out a energy in technical coaching methodologies. Conversely, decrease scores in inventive elements would possibly sign a necessity for elevated give attention to inventive improvement packages. This systemic evaluation supplies essential insights for shaping the longer term path of Canadian determine skating.

In conclusion, the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes will present a multifaceted view of the Canadian skating panorama. By analyzing expertise distribution, regional strengths, teaching effectiveness, and systemic developments, stakeholders acquire a complete understanding of the present state of the game. These insights are essential for knowledgeable decision-making, strategic planning, and useful resource allocation, in the end shaping the longer term trajectory of Canadian determine skating and guaranteeing its continued success on the world stage. The 2025 Championships characterize not only a competitors however an important evaluation of the Canadian determine skating system, offering the muse for future development and improvement.

Often Requested Questions

This FAQ part addresses frequent inquiries relating to the 2025 Skate Canada Championships outcomes and their implications.

Query 1: When and the place will the 2025 Skate Canada Championships happen?

Particular dates and placement are sometimes confirmed by Skate Canada a number of months upfront. Data can be out there on the official Skate Canada web site nearer to the occasion.

Query 2: How are the outcomes decided?

Outcomes are decided by the Worldwide Judging System (IJS). Skaters obtain factors for technical parts and program elements, with the very best cumulative rating figuring out the ultimate rating.

Query 3: How can one entry the official outcomes?

Official outcomes are normally revealed on the Skate Canada web site shortly after the competitors concludes. Varied media retailers and determine skating information web sites additionally sometimes report on the outcomes.

Query 4: How do the outcomes affect worldwide crew choice?

Whereas not the only determinant, performances on the Skate Canada Championships play a major position in choosing groups for worldwide competitions just like the World Championships and 4 Continents Championships.

Query 5: What are the implications of the outcomes for athlete funding?

Efficiency on the nationwide championships can affect funding choices. Excessive-ranking skaters usually obtain elevated monetary assist for coaching and improvement.

Query 6: How do these outcomes contribute to the event of Canadian determine skating?

The outcomes present priceless knowledge for evaluating athlete progress, figuring out rising expertise, refining coaching packages, and shaping future improvement methods inside Canadian determine skating.

Understanding these continuously requested questions supplies a deeper understanding of the importance of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships and their affect on the game.

Additional exploration would possibly embrace analyzing historic knowledge, evaluating outcomes throughout totally different years, and analyzing the long-term affect of nationwide championship performances on athlete improvement and worldwide success.

Leveraging Insights from 2025 Skate Canada Outcomes

Evaluation of aggressive outcomes provides priceless steerage for athletes, coaches, and lovers. The next suggestions present methods for successfully using info from the 2025 Skate Canada Championships.

Tip 1: Give attention to Holistic Analysis: Keep away from fixating solely on ultimate rankings. Study detailed scores for technical parts and program elements to achieve a complete understanding of athlete efficiency.

Tip 2: Monitor Developmental Trajectories: Evaluate 2025 outcomes with prior performances to evaluate athlete development and establish long-term improvement developments. This longitudinal perspective supplies priceless context.

Tip 3: Determine Technical Strengths and Weaknesses: Analyze technical factor scores (TES) to pinpoint particular areas for enchancment. This data-driven method permits focused coaching interventions.

Tip 4: Consider Inventive Presentation and Program Composition: Scrutinize program element scores (PCS) to evaluate strengths and weaknesses in inventive expression, choreography, and musical interpretation.

Tip 5: Observe Aggressive Composure and Psychological Fortitude: Whereas in a roundabout way quantifiable, observe how athletes carry out underneath strain. This supplies insights into psychological resilience and aggressive temperament.

Tip 6: Anticipate Rising Tendencies and Future Instructions: Use the 2025 outcomes to establish rising technical developments, stylistic shifts, and potential future stars. This predictive capability informs strategic planning.

Tip 7: Perceive the Interaction of Funding and Teaching: Acknowledge how efficiency outcomes affect funding choices and training methods. This understanding helps optimize useful resource allocation and athlete improvement pathways.

Tip 8: Take into account the Broader Canadian Skating Panorama: Analyze outcomes inside the context of total expertise distribution, regional strengths, and systemic developments inside Canadian determine skating. This holistic perspective supplies priceless context.

By using these methods, stakeholders can extract significant insights from the 2025 Skate Canada outcomes, fostering athlete improvement, informing teaching choices, and shaping the way forward for Canadian determine skating.

The following conclusion will synthesize key themes and provide ultimate views on the importance of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships inside the broader context of the game.

The Significance of Skate Canada Outcomes 2025

Evaluation of the 2025 Skate Canada Championships outcomes supplies a multifaceted understanding of the present state and future trajectory of Canadian determine skating. These outcomes, extending past mere rankings, provide essential insights into athlete improvement, technical and inventive developments, teaching effectiveness, and useful resource allocation methods. Key takeaways embrace the significance of holistic efficiency analysis, recognizing the interaction between nationwide and worldwide competitors, and leveraging data-driven insights for program improvement and future pattern prediction. The competitors serves as a essential juncture for evaluating rising expertise, assessing systemic strengths and weaknesses, and in the end shaping the longer term panorama of Canadian determine skating.

The 2025 Skate Canada Championships characterize a pivotal second within the ongoing evolution of Canadian determine skating. These outcomes will resonate all through the skating group, influencing athlete trajectories, teaching choices, and the strategic path of the game. Shut examination of those outcomes supplies a useful alternative to know the complicated dynamics driving success in determine skating and to anticipate the way forward for Canadian excellence on the world stage. Stakeholders are inspired to have interaction with these outcomes thoughtfully, recognizing their profound implications for the continued development and improvement of Canadian determine skating.